Briefly describe the design concept and application of the Ductile gratings

The following are the design concept and application of the Ductile gratings:

I. Design Concept

1. Shape Design

   - Adopting a Circular Shape:

     - From a mechanical perspective, the circular manhole cover experiences uniform stress. When the manhole cover is subjected to pressure from vehicles and other sources in different directions, it can evenly distribute and transfer the pressure to the surroundings. Compared to other shapes (such as square), it is less likely to be damaged due to excessive local stress.

     - The circular manhole cover has no directionality. No matter how it is rotated, it can ensure a good fit with the wellhead, which is convenient for installation and maintenance. There will be no situation where the manhole cover falls into the wellhead (if the diagonal direction of a square manhole cover is inconsistent with the wellhead, it may fall in).

     - Having a Certain Thickness: Calculate the appropriate thickness according to the load it needs to bear to ensure that its strength can support the weight of vehicles and pedestrians, etc.

2. Material Selection

   - Selecting Ductile Iron:

     - The graphite in ductile iron is spherical. This structure endows the material with good toughness and strength, capable of withstanding dynamic loads such as repeated rolling by vehicles and certain impact loads.

     - Ductile iron has good casting performance, which can be used to manufacture manhole covers with relatively complex shapes and accurate dimensions to meet the installation requirements of different wellheads.

     - Compared with other materials, ductile iron has certain advantages in corrosion resistance. It can maintain good performance in an environment with moisture, acids, alkalis and other substances, prolonging the service life of the manhole cover.

3. Surface Design

   - The surface of the manhole cover usually has anti-slip patterns or protrusions to increase friction and prevent pedestrians from slipping, especially in situations such as rain and snow.

   - Relevant information will be marked, such as the purpose of the manhole cover (such as sewage, rainwater, electricity, etc.), the manufacturer, and the production date, which is convenient for management and maintenance.

4. Structural Design

   - Some manhole covers will be designed with locking devices or anti-theft structures to prevent the manhole cover from being stolen or accidentally moved. For example, using special bolt connections or built-in locks and other methods to improve the safety of the manhole cover.

   - For some occasions where it is necessary to prevent underground gas leakage or prevent open flames from entering the underground space, the manhole cover may be designed with a sealing structure to ensure the relative isolation of the underground space from the outside.

II. Application

1. Municipal Drainage System

   - Install Ductile gratingss at the wellheads of rainwater and sewage drainage pipelines on urban roads to facilitate the smooth discharge of rainwater and sewage. At the same time, it is also convenient for the daily inspection and maintenance of the drainage pipelines, such as clearing blockages and checking the pipeline conditions.

2. Pipeline Facilities such as Communication and Electricity

   - Protect underground communication optical cables, power cables and other pipeline facilities from being damaged by the outside world, such as being rolled by vehicles and artificial excavation. When it is necessary to repair or upgrade communication or power facilities, the manhole cover can be opened for operation.

3. Flammable and Explosive Gas Pipelines such as Gas

   - It plays a role in sealing and protection to prevent gas leakage and ensure the safety of the surrounding environment and residents. At the same time, its strength and sealing performance can also withstand certain ground pressure and external environmental impacts.

4. Internal Roads in Residential Areas, Industrial Parks, etc.

   - It is used at the wellheads of various inspection wells on the internal roads in residential areas, industrial parks, etc. It is convenient to manage and maintain the underground water supply and drainage, power, communication and other facilities to meet the needs of residents' lives and industrial production. And its appearance design can also be coordinated with the surrounding environment.

In conclusion, the design of the Ductile gratings fully considers its use environment and functional requirements and plays an important role in urban infrastructure construction and operation.